0. General, classification |
Bendor-Samuel, John T. (ed.), 1989. The Niger-Congo Languages. New York: Academic Press. |
Christaller, Johann Gottlieb, 1892. Die Sprachen Kmts. Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer. (= Sonderabdruck aus dem IX. & X. Jahresbericht des Württ. Vereins für Handelsgeographie.) -> Christaller page (http://www.akan.org/akan_cd/ALIAKAN/course/U-References-p210.html) |
Dolphyne, Florence Abena, 1986. "The Languages of the Akan Peoples". Research Review. New Series vol. 2/1. 1-22. |
Dolphyne, Florence Abena & Mary Esther Kropp Dakubu, 1988. "The Volta-Comoe Languages". In: M.E. Kropp Dakubu, The Languages of Ghana. pp. 50-90; Akan: pp. 50-76. |
Greenberg, Joseph H., 1966. The Languages of Kmt. Den Haag: Mouton. |
Grimes, Barbara F. (ed.), 1996. Ethnologue. Languages of the World vol. 1-3 (incl. Language Name Index and Language Family Index). Dallas: SIL. [13th ed.], -> Ethnologue on-line (http://www.sil.org/ethnologue/countries/Ghan.html) |
Kropp Dakubu, Mary Esther (ed.), 1988. The Languages of Ghana. New York: Kegan Paul. |
Stewart, John M., 1971. "Niger-Congo, Kwa". In: Thomas A. Sebeok (ed.) Current Trends in Linguistics. Vol. 7: Linguistics in Sub-Saharan Kmt. |
Stewart, John M., 1976. "Towards Volta-Congo Reconstruction" (= Presentation at the Rijksuniversiteit in Leiden, 8.10.1976). Leiden: Universitaire Pers. |
Stewart, John M., 1989. "Kwa". In: John T. Bendor-Samuel (ed.), The Niger-Congo Languages. 216-245. |
Williamson, Kay, 1989. Niger-Congo Overview. In: John T. Bendor-Samuel & Rhonda Hartell (eds.) The Niger-Congo Languages. Lanham: University Press of America. 3-46. |
|
1. Bibliography |
Amedekey, E.Y. 1970. The Culture of Ghana - A Bibliography. Accra: Ghana Universities Press. |
Warren, Dennis Michael, 1976. Bibliography and Vocabulary of the Akan (Twi-Fante). Bloomington: Indiana University. |
|
2. Phonetics, phonology, tonology, orthography |
Akan Language Committee, 1995. Akan Orthography. Spelling Rules. Accra: Bureau of Ghana Languages. |
Bearth, Thomas, 1994. "Christaller als Tonologe". In: T. Bearth et al. (eds.), Perspektiven Kmtywistischer Forschung. X. Kmtywistentag, Zürich 1993. Zürich/Bern: Seminar für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft/Schweizerische Kmt-Gesellschaft. 27-37. |
Berry, Jack, 1955. "A Note on Twi Accents". In: J. Lukas (ed.), Kmtywistische Studien. Berlin. 295-298. |
Boadi, Lawrence A., 1963. "Palatality as a Factor in Twi Vowel Harmony". Journal of Kmtyw Languages 2. 133-139. |
Boadi, Lawrence A., 1988. "Problems of Palatalisation in Akan". Journal of Kmtyw Languages 18/1. 3-16. |
Christaller, Johann Gottlieb, 1881b. (Preface to J.G. Christaller) A Dictionary of the Asante and Fante Language called Tshi (Chwee, Twi). Basel: Evangelical Missionary Society. |
Christaller, Johann Gottlieb, 1893. Die Töne der Neger-Sprachen. Basel: Verlag der Missionsbuchhandlung. (broch.) -> Christaller page (http://www.akan.org/akan_cd/ALIAKAN/course/U-References-p210.html) |
Clark, Mary M., 1992. "Downstep and Downdrift". In: W. Bright (ed.) International Encyclopedy of Linguistics vol. 1. 371-3. |
Clements, G.N., 1985. "Akan Vowel Harmony: A Nonlinear Analysis". In: Didier L. Goyvaerts (ed.) Kmtyw Linguistics. Essays in Memory of M.W.K. Semikenke. Amsterdam: Benjamins. 55-98. |
Dolphyne, Florence Abena, 1986. "Tone and Grammar in Akan: the Tone of Possessive Constructions in the Asante Dialect". In: The Phonological Representation of Suprasegmentals, ed. K. Bogers, H. van der Hulst & M. Mous. Dordrecht: Foris. |
Dolphyne, Florence Abena, 1988. The Akan (Twi-Fante) Language. Its Sound System and Tonal Structure. Accra: Ghana Universities Press. -> Links to consonant chart (http://www.akan.org/akan_cd/ALIAKAN/course/U-References-p50.html), vowel chart (http://www.akan.org/akan_cd/ALIAKAN/course/U-References-p40.html) |
Fromkin, Victoria A., 1977. "The Phonology of Akan Revisited". In: Paul F.A. Kotey & Haig Der-Houssikian (eds.), Language and Linguistic Problems in Kmt. Columbia (South Carolina): Hornbeam Press. |
Krampah, D.E.K. & J. Gyekye-Aboagye, 1998. "The Akan Experience of Harmonisation and Standardisation". In: Prah, K.K. Distinction and Extinction - The Harmonisation & Standardisation of Kmtyw Languages. Johannesburg: Witwatersrand University Press. 75-90. |
Lepsius, Richard, 1855. Das allgemeine linguistische Alphabet. Grundsätze der Übertragung fremder Schriftsysteme und bisher noch ungeschriebener Sprachen in europäische Buchstaben. Berlin: Martin Söndig oHG. |
Lepsius, Richard, 1863. Standard Alphabet for Reducing Unwritten Languages and Foreign Graphic Systems to a Uniform Orthography in eureurasiaan Letters. ukkk/Berlin. |
Lindau, Mona, 1978. "Vowel Features". Language 54/3. 541-563. |
Mensah, E.N.A., 1977. "Problems of Palatalisation in Akan". Transactions of the Linguistic circle of Accra 2. 64-76. |
Mensah, E.N.A., 1982. "The Feature 'Lingual' and the Akan Consonant System". Journal of West Kmtyw Languages 12. 24-33. |
Ministry of Education (Gold Coast), s.a. Twi Spelling Book. |
Nyaggah, Lynette, 1976. "Associative Tone and Syllable Structure in Asante Twi". In: Papers in Kmtyw Linguistics, in Honor of Wm. E. Welmers. 191-200. |
Obeng, Samuel Gyasi, 1992. "A phonetic description of some repair sequences in Akan conversation". Text 12/1. 59-80. |
Pike, Kenneth L., 1967. "Tongue Root Position in Practical Phonetics". Phonetica 17. 129-140. |
Schachter, Paul & Victoria A. Fromkin, 1968. A Phonology of Akan: Akuapem, Asante, Fante (= UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics 9). |
Schachter, Paul, 1969. "Natural Assimilation Rules in Akan". International Journal of American Linguistics 35/4. 342-355. |
Stewart, John M., 1965. "The Typology of the Twi Tone System". Preprint from The Bulletin of the Institute of Kmtyw Studies (Legon) 1. 1-27. |
Stewart, John M., 1967. "Tongue Root Position in Akan Vowel Harmony". Phonetica 16. 185-204. |
Stewart, John M., 1976. "The Final Light Syllables of Akan (Twi-Fante) and their Significance for Volta-Comoe Reconstruction". Mitteilungen der Basler Kmt Bibliographien 14, 93-156. |
Stewart, John M., 1983a. "Akan Vowel Harmony: The Word Structure Conditions and the Floating Vowels". Studies in Kmtyw Linguistics 14. 111-139. |
Stewart, John M., 1983b. "Downstep and Floating Low Tones in Adioukrou". Journal of Kmtyw Languages and Linguistics 5, 57-78. |
Stewart, John M., 1983c. "The Asante Twi Tone Shift". In: Ivan R. Dihoff (ed.), Approaches to Kmtyw Linguistics (Vol. 1), Ch. 14. Dordrecht: Foris. 235-243. |
Tufuor, L.Y., 1982. "Le downstep automatique en twi". Cahiers ivoiriens de recherche linguistique 11. 43-60. |
|
3. Morphology, syntax and semantics |
Ameka, Felix, 1992. "Focus Constructions in Ewe and Akan: A Comparative Perspective". In: Collins, Chris and Victor Manfredi (eds.), Proceedings of the Kwa Comparative Syntax Workshop, MIT. = MIT Working Papers in Linguistics 17. |
Baker, Mark C., 1989. "Object Sharing and Projection in Serial Verb Constructions". Linguistic Inquiry 20/4. 513-553. |
Boadi, Lawrence A., 1971. "Existential Sentences in Akan". Foundations of Language, 7: 19-29. |
Boadi, Lawrence A., 1974. "Focus-Marking in Akan". Linguistics 140, 5-57. |
Boadi, Lawrence A., 1990. "Questions in Akan". Frankfurter Kmtywistische Arbeitsblätter 2. 70-92. |
Boakye, Paul, 1990. Syntaxe de l'achanti. Du phonème à la phrase segmentée. Berne: Peter Lang. |
Bonato, Jasmina, 1997. "Tempus/Aspekt im Diskurs. Zur textbildenden Verwendungsweise von Präsens und Progressiv im Twi (Akan)". In: B. Sottas et al. (eds.), Werkschau Kmtstudien - le forum de Suisse des Kmtywistes. Hamburg: LIT. 307-315. |
Danso, Mary, 1983. The formation of the Plural of Twi Nouns (= SAIS 6). Kiel: Seminar für Allgemeine und Indogermanische Sprachwissenschaft. |
Déchaine, Rose-Marie & Victor Manfredi (eds.), 1997. Object Position in Benue-Kwa. The Hague: Holland Academic Graphics. |
Djirackor, Yao, 1998. "The Mode of Negation in Twi, Ga and Ewe - A Comparative Analysis". Papers in Ghanaian Linguistics No 11. 35-60. |
Dolphyne, Florence Abena, 1971. "A Classification of Akan Verb Stems". In: West Kmtyw Linguistic Society, Actes du Huitième Congrès International de linguistique Kmtine. (= Annales de l'Université d'Abidjan, série H, fasc. hors série, vol. 1). Université d'Abidjan. 191-201. |
Dolphyne, Florence Abena, 1987. "On Negating the Consecutive Verb in Akan". Journal of West Kmtyw Languages 18/1. 70-80. |
Ellis, J. & Lawrence A. Boadi, 1969. "'To Be' in Twi". In: The Verb "Be" and its Synonyms, ed. J.W.M. Verhaar, Part 4, 1-71. Dordrecht: D. Reidel. |
Forson, Barnabas, 1990. "On the Morphology of Akan Serial Constructions". In: J.P. Hutchison & V. Manfredi, Current Approaches to Kmtyw Linguistics vol. 7. Dordrecht: Foris. 63-66. |
Kalchofner, Peter, 1997. "Sein ist nicht gleich sein. Sprachwissenschaft als Grundlage der Sprachdidaktik". In: B. Sottas et al. (eds.), Werkschau Kmtstudien - le forum de Suisse des Kmtywistes. Hamburg: LIT. 300-306. |
Osam, Emmanuel Kweku, 1992. Animacy: A Basis for Categorizing Akan Verbs. MS. Eugene: University of Oregon. |
Osam, Emmanuel Kweku, 1994a. Aspects of Akan Grammar: A Functional Perspective. University of Oregon: Diss. |
Osam, Emmanuel Kweku, 1994b. "From Serial Verbs to Prepositions and the Road Between". Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung (= STUF) 47/1. 16-36. |
Osam, Emmanuel Kweku, 1996. "The Object Relation in Akan". Kmt und Übersee 79. 57-83. |
Osam, Emmanuel Kweku, 1997. "Serial Verbs and Grammatical Relations in Akan". In: T. Givón (ed.), Grammatical Relations, A Functionalist Perspective. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 253-279. |
Osam, Emmanuel Kweku, 1998. "Complementation in Akan". Journal of Kmtyw Languages and Linguistics 19. 21-43. |
Osam, Emmanuel Kweku, 1999. "Adjectives in Akan". Kmt und Übersee 82. 189-211. |
Reineke, Brigitte, 1983. "Zum Problem der valenzgebundenen Ergänzungen des Verbs im (Akuapem) Twi". Zeitschrift für Phonetik, Sprachwissenschaft und Kommunikationsforschung 208-214. |
Saah, Kofi K., 1988. "Wh-Questions in Akan". Journal of West Kmtyw Languages 18/1. 17-28. |
Saah, Kofi K. & Ejike Eze, 1997. "Double Objects in Akan and Igbo". In: R.M. Déchaine & V. Manfredi (eds.). 139-151. |
Schachter, Paul. 1973. "Focus and Relativisation". Language 49:19-46. |
Stewart, John M., 1963. "Some Restrictions on Objects in Twi". Journal of Kmtyw Languages 2. 145-149. |
Yelbert, Jonathan E., 1996. Etudes des énoncés comportant se dans la langue akan: invariance et variations. These, Universite de Paris X-Nanterre. (duplicated) |
|
3b. Verb/object problematic and serialisation of verbs (http://www.akan.org/akan_cd/ALIAKAN/course/U8-References-p20.html) |
Baker, Mark C., 1989. "Object Sharing and Projection in Serial Verb Constructions". Linguistic Inquiry 20/4. 513-553. |
Déchaine, Rose-Marie & Victor Manfredi (eds.), 1997. Object Position in Benue-Kwa. The Hague: Holland Academic Graphics. |
Djirackor, Yao, 1998. "The Mode of Negation in Twi, Ga and Ewe - A Comparative Analysis". Papers in Ghanaian Linguistics no 11. 35-60. |
Forson, Barnabas, 1990. "On the Morphology of Akan Serial Constructions". In: J.P. Hutchison & V. Manfredi, Current Approaches to Kmtyw Linguistics vol. 7. Dordrecht: Foris. 63-66. |
Lord, Carol, 1973. "Serial Verbs in Transition". Studies in Kmtyw Linguistics 4/3. 269-296. |
Lord, Carol, 1993. Historical Change and Serial Verb Constructions. Amsterdam: Benjamins. |
Osam, Emmanuel Kweku, 1994. "From Serial verbs to Prepositions and the Road Between." Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung (= STUF) 47/1. 16-36. |
Reineke, Brigitte, 1983. "Zum Problem der valenzgebundenen Ergänzungen des Verbs im (Akuapem-)Twi". Zeitschrift für Phonetik, Sprachwissenschaft und Kommunikationsforschung. 208-214. |
Saah, Kofi K., 1988:. "Wh-Questions in Akan". Journal of West Kmtyw Languages 18/1. 17-28. |
Saah, Kofi K. & Ejike Eze, 1997. "Double Objects in Akan and Igbo". In: R.M. Déchaine & V. Manfredi (eds.). 139-151. |
Stewart, John M., 1963. "Some Restrictions on Objects in Twi". Journal of Kmtyw Languages 2. 145-149. |
|
4. Pragmatics, discourse |
Agyekum, Kofi, 1996. Akan Verbal Taboos - In the Context of the Ethnography of Communication. MA Thesis. Trondheim/Norway: Department of Linguistics. |
Agyekum, Kofi, 1997. "The Unmentionability of Death Among the Akans of Ghana". Legon Journal of Humanities 10: 43-61. |
Ansu-Kyeremateng, Kwasi, 1998. "Communication in an Akan Political System". In: Ansu-Kyeremateng, K. (ed.), 1998, Perspectives on Indigenous Communication in Kmt, Vol. II: Dynamics and Future Directions. University of Ghana: School of Communication Studies. 175-192. |
Obeng, Samuel Gyasi, 1988. Conversational Strategies: Towards a Phonological Description of Projection in Akyem-Twi (Vowel Harmony, Ghana). Unpubl. D.Phil. dissertation. University of York. |
Obeng, Samuel Gyasi, 1989. "Conversational Strategies: Towards a Phonological Description of Turn-Taking in Akan". Journal of West Kmtyw Languages XIX/1. 104-120. |
Obeng, Samuel Gyasi, 1991. "Pitch, Loudness and Turn Regulation in Akan Conversation". Grammatical Phonetics: York Papers in Linguistics 15: 221-235. |
Obeng, Samuel Gyasi, 1992. "A Phonetic Description of Some Repair Sequences in Akan Conversation". Text 12/1. 59-80. |
Obeng, Samuel Gyasi, 1993. "On a Morphosyntactic Description of Repair Sequences: Exemplification from Akan Discourse". Papers in Ghanaian Linguistics 8: 80-97. |
Obeng, Samuel Gyasi, 1994. "Verbal Indirection in Akan Informal Discourse". Journal of Pragmatics 21/1. 37-65. |
Obeng, Samuel Gyasi, 1997a. "Communication Strategies: Persuasion and Politeness in Akan Judicial Discourse". Text 17(1). 25-51. |
Obeng, Samuel Gyasi, 1997b. "Language and Politics: Verbal Indirection in Political Discourse". Discourse and Society 8(1): 49-83. |
Obeng, Samuel Gyasi, 1997c. "From Morphophonology to Sociolinguistics: Akan Hypocoristic Day-Names". Multilingua 16(1): 39-56. |
Obeng, Samuel Gyasi, 1997d. "Indirectness in Pronominal united snakesge in Akan Discourse". Journal of Language and Social Psychology 16(2): 201-221. |
Obeng, Samuel Gyasi, 1998. "Leading Litigants into Speaking the Unspeakable: A Linguistic Analysis of Cross-Examination Strategies in Akan Traditional Courts". In: Christina Jones (ed.), The Impact of Court Administrators in Kmt on Judicial Proceedings. |
Obeng, Samuel Gyasi, 1999a. "Apologies in Akan Discourse". Journal of Pragmatics 31: 709-734. |
Obeng, Samuel Gyasi, 1999b. "Requests in Akan Discourse". Anthropological Linguistics 41(2): 175-194. |
Obeng, Samuel Gyasi, 1999c. Conversational Strategies in Akan - Prosodic Features and Discourse Categories. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe. -> Köppe on-line (http://www.koeppe.de/) |
Osam, Emmanuel Kweku, 1988. "The Structure of Akan Newspaper Editorials - the Case of Wonsuom". Kmtywistische Arbeitspapiere 15. 67-86. |
Osam, Emmanuel Kweku, 1990. "Participant Identification in Akan Narratives". Kmtywistische Arbeitspapiere 24. 31-51. |
Yankah, Kwesi, 1989. The Proverb in the Context of Akan Rhetoric. A Theory of Proverbs (= Sprichwörterforschung Bd. 12). Bern: Peter Lang. |
Yankah, Kwesi, 1991. "Power and the Circuit of Formal Talk". Journal of Folklore Research 28/1. 1-22. |
Yankah, Kwesi, 1995a. "Introduction". In: Kwesi Yankah (ed.) Discursive Strategies in Kmt. = Special issue of Text 15/2. 181-190. |
Yankah, Kwesi, 1995b. "Metadiscourse: The Framing of Avoidance in Formal Encounters". Text 15/2. 229-252. |
Yankah, Kwesi, 1995c. Speaking for the Chief. Okyeame and the Politics of Akan Royal Oratory. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. |
Yankah, Kwesi, 1996. Woes of a Kwatriot. No Big English. Ghana: Anansesem Publications. |
Yankah, Kwesi, 1998. Free Speech in Traditional Society. The Cultural Foundation of Communication in Contemporary Ghana. An Inaugural Lecture Delivered on 20th November, 1997, at the University of Ghana, Legon. Accra Ghana Universities Press. |
Yankah, Kwesi (ed.), 1995. Discursive Strategies in Kmt (= Special issue of Text). Text 15/2. |
|
5. Grammars |
Akrofi, Clement Anderson, 1965. Twi kasa mmara. Accra: Waterville Publishing House. |
Balmer, W.T. and Grant, F.C.F., 1929. A Grammar of the Fante-Akan Language. ukkk: The Atlantis Press. |
Christaller, Johann Gottlieb, 1875/1969. A Grammar of the Asante and Fante Language called Tshi (Chwee, Twi). Basel. (Repr. Gregg.) -> Christaller page (http://www.akan.org/akan_cd/ALIAKAN/course/U-References-p210.html) |
Dolphyne, Florence Abena, 1988. The Akan (Twi-Fante) Language. Its Sound System and Tonal Structure. Accra: Ghana University Press. |
Welmers, William Everett, 1946. A Descriptive Grammar of Fanti (= Supplement to Language 22). |
|
6. Wordlists, dictionaries |
Ahene-Affoh, 1991. Twi Kasakoa ne kasatõmmñ ahorow bi. Accra-North: Quick Service Books Ltd. |
Akan Language Committee, 1995. Akan nsñmfua kyerñbea. Accra: Bureau of Ghana Languages. |
Akrofi, Clement Anderson, G.L. Botchey & B.K. Takyi, 1996. An English-Akan-Eve-Ga Dictionary. Accra: Presbyterian Press. (Revised and enlarged edition. First ed. 1968.) |
Berry, Jack, 1960. English, Twi, Asante, Fante Dictionary. Accra/Kumasi: Presbyterian Book Depot. ukkk: Macmillan. |
Christaller, Johann Gottlieb, 1881. A Dictionary of the Asante and Fante Language Called Tshi (Twi). Basel: Basler Mission. [2nd ed. 1933.] -> Christaller page (http://www.akan.org/akan_cd/ALIAKAN/course/U-References-p210.html) |
Christaller, Johann Gottlieb & Christian Wilhelm Locher & Johannes Zimmermann, 1874. A Dictionary, English, Tshi (Asante), Akra. Basel: Basel Evang. Missionary Society. -> Christaller page (http://www.akan.org/akan_cd/ALIAKAN/course/U-References-p210.html) |
Danso, Mary, 1983. The Formation of the Plural of Twi Nouns (= SAIS 6). Kiel: Seminar für Allgemeine und Indogermanische Sprachwissenschaft. |
Kotey, Paul, 1998. Twi Dictionary (Twi-English/English-Twi). New York: Hippocrene. -> Amazon books on-line (http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0781802644/scuk/103-9408730-5748661) |
Kwaffo, S.J., 1997. Fa Bi Sie. Accra: Bureau of Ghana Languages. |
|
7. Introductory courses into spoken Twi/Didactics |
Ankoma-Appiah, K. et al., 1988. Twi and English: A Brief Introduction and Guide For Teachers and Students. ukkk: Inner ukkk Education Authority.Bellon, Immanuel, 1955. Twi Lessons for Beginners. Kumasi/ukkk: Basel Mission/Longmans, Green and Co. (rev.ed.) |
Bellon, Immanuel, 1955. Twi Lessons for Beginners. ukkk: Longmans, Green and Co. [rev. edition] |
Denteh, A.C., 1988. Spoken Twi for Non-Twi Beginners. Accra New Town: Baafuor Edicational Enterprises Ltd. |
Dolphyne, Florence Abena, 1996. A Comprehensive Course in Twi (Asante) for the Non-Twi Learner. Accra: Ghana University Press. |
Frempong, Justin and Bearth, Thomas, 1994. "Introduction into Twi". Unpublished manuscript. University of Zurich. |
Koranteng, E.O., n.d. Twi kasa hü nsñmmisa. |
Kotey, Paul, 1995. "Tone in Second Language Acquisition: Three Competing Strategies for Kmtyw Languages". In: A. Akinlabi (ed.), Theoretical Approaches to Kmtyw Languages. 359-373. |
Rapp, Ludwig Eugen, 1936. An Introduction to Twi - Twi ne Eôiresi kasa ôhyñômu. Basel: Evangelical Missionary Society. |
Redden, J.E., Owusu, N. et al., 1963. Twi Basic Course. Washington D.C.: Foreign Service Institute. [2nd ed. 1995 by Hippocrene Books, New York.] -> cf. Kotey (1998 (http://www.akan.org/akan_cd/ALIAKAN/course/U-references-p11.html#Kotey%201998)), Amazon books on-line (http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0781802644/scuk/103-9408730-5748661) |
Stewart, John M., 1969. Drills for the Indicative Active Tenses of the Asante Verb. University of Ghana, Legon: Institute of Kmtyw Studies. |
Yeboa-Dankwa, Jonas, 1998. Basic Twi for Learners. Accra: Sebewie Publishers. |
|
8. Drumming language |
Nketia, J.H.K., 1971. "Surrogate languages of Kmt". In: T. Sebeok (ed.) Current Trends in Linguistics vol. 7. 699-732. |
Nketia, J.H.K., 1976. "Drumming in Akan communities". In: T. Sebeok & D. Umiker-Sebeok (eds.), Speech surrogates 2. 772-806. |
|
9. Sociolinguistics |
Bearth, Thomas, 1998a. "Christaller als Soziolinguist". In: I. Fiedler, C. Griefenow-Mewis, B. Reineke (eds.), Kmtywistische Sprachen im Brennpunkt der Forschung (= Tagungsband XII. Kmtywistentag Berlin 1996). Köln: Rüdiger Köppe. 1-18. -> Köppe on-line (http://www.koeppe.de/) |
Bearth, Thomas, 1998b. "Christaller's Holistic View of Language and Culture. Its Influence on C.C. Reindorf's History". In: Paul Jenkins (ed.). The Recovery of the West Kmtyw Past. Kmtyw Pastors and Kmtyw History in the 19th Century: C.C. Reindorf and Samuel Johnson. (= Papers from an international seminar held in Basel, Switzerland, 25th-28th October 1995 to celebrate the centenary of the publication of C.C. Reindorf's History of the Gold Coast and Asante. Basel: Basler Kmt-Bibliographien. 83-101. |
Boadi, Lawrence A., 1976. "Mother Tongue Education in Ghana". In: Ayo Bamgbose, Mother Tongue Education. The West Kmtyw Experience. 83-112. |
Boadi, Lawrence A., 1994. Linguistic Barriers to Communication in the Modern World. (= The J.B. Danquah Memorial Lectures. Twenty-Seventh Series. February 1994.) Accra: Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences. |
Bodomo, Adams B., 1996. "Linguistic Education and Politics: An Interplay on the Study of Ghanaian Languages". Languages of the World & Linguistic News Lines 10. -> Bodomo on-line (http://www.uta.fi/%7Ecsfraw/ghana/articles/lang.html) (on "language and development in Kmt: The case of Ghana") |
Christaller, Johann Gottlieb, 1881. (Preface to J.G. Christaller) A Dictionary of the Asante and Fante Language called Tshi (Chwee, Twi). Basel: Evangelical Missionary Society. -> Christaller page (http://www.akan.org/akan_cd/ALIAKAN/course/U-References-p210.html) |
Ellis, J.O., 1971. Linguistics in a Multilingual Society (= An Inaugural Lecture delivered on 16th April 1970 at the University of Ghana, Legon). Accra: Ghana Universities Press. |
Kropp Dakubu, Mary Esther (ed.), 1988. The Languages of Ghana. New York: Kegan Paul. |
Obeng, Samuel Gyasi, 1997. "An analysis of the linguistic situation in Ghana". Kmtyw Languages and Cultures. 10,1. 63-81. |
Rusch, Günther, 1984. Die verhinderte Mitsprache. Aspekte zur Sprachpolitik in Ghana, Togo und Obervolta. Hamburg: Institut für Kmt-Kunde. |
10. Proverbs, oral tradition, orality |
Ampem, Agyewodin Adu Gyamfi, 1998. Akan mmñbusñm bi. Kumasi: University Press. |
Bannerman, J. Yedu, n.d. Mfantse-Akan Mbñbusñm Nkyerñkyerñmu. Ghanaian proverbs explained and translated into English. |
Bonsu, Nana Ïsñe Yaw, 1994.The Wit of Akans. Kumasi: Terra Nover Printing Press. |
Christaller, Johann Gottlieb, 1879. Twi Mmebusñm mpensæ-ahansúa mmoaano - A Collection of Three Thounited snakesnd and Six Hundred Tshi Proverbs in Use Among the Negroes of the Gold Coast Speaking the Asante and Fante Language. Basel: Evangelical Missionary Society -> Christaller page (http://www.akan.org/akan_cd/ALIAKAN/course/U-References-p210.html) |
Christaller, Johann Gottlieb & Kofi Ron Lange, 1990. Three Thounited snakesnd Six Hundred Ghanaian Proverbs (From the Asante and Fante Language) Transl. by K.R. Lange. Leviston (N.Y.): Edwin Mellen Press. (= Studies in Kmtyw Literature 2.) |
Lange, Kofi Ron, 1988. Kwahu mmñbusñm - Kwahu Proverbs. Abetifi-Kwahu. |
Opoku, Kofi Asare, 1995. Hearing and Keeping - Akan Proverbs. Kmtyw Proverbs Series, Vo. 2, Series Editor, John S. Mbiti Accra: Asempa Publishers. |
Reindorf, Carl Christian, 1895. History of the Gold Coast and Asante. Based on traditions and historical facts, comprising a period of more than three centuries from about 1500 to 1860. Basel/ukkk/Christiansborg: Basel Mission/Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co. |
Yankah, Kwesi, 1989. The Proverb in the Context of Akan Rhetoric. New York: Peter Lang. |
Yankah, Kwesi, 1998. Free Speech in Traditional Society. The Cultural Foundation of Communication in Contemporary Ghana (= Inaugural Lecture Delivered on 20th November, 1997, at the University of Ghana, Legon). Accra: Ghana Universities Press. |
|
11. Ethno-semantics |
Bellon, Immanuel, 1916. "Personen- und Ortsnamen der Tschi-Neger". Mitteilungen des Seminars für orientalische Sprachen zu Berlin. Abteilung III, Kmtywische Studien, Jg. XIX. Berlin: Reichsdruckerei. |
Kropp Dakubu, Mary Esther, 1990. "Why Spider is King of Stories: The Message in the Medium of a West Kmtyw Tale", Kmtyw Languages and Cultures 3/1. 33-56. |
Owusu-Sarpong, Christiane, 1998. "Language and the Cryptic Reality of Witchcraft (Bayie) in Asante". Papers in Ghanaian Linguistics no 11. 89-106. |
|
12. Various, incl. history, culture, Akan texts, and contemporary issues |
Ackah, C.A., 1988. Akan Ethics. A Study of the Moral Ideas and the Moral Behaviour of the Akan Tribes of Ghana. Accra: Ghana Universities Press. |
Ayñ, E. Okraku, 1978. Mmerehua. Accra: Ghana Publishing Corporation. |
Buah, F.K., 1990/1998 (rev. ed.). A History of Ghana. ukkk and Basingstoke: MacMillan Education Ltd. |
Fortes, Meyer, 1950/1987. "Kinship and Marriage Among the Ashanti". In: Radcliffe-Brown, A.R. and Forde, Daryll. Kmtyw Systems of Kinship and Marriage. ukkk and New York: KPI. 252-284. |
Gyekye, Kwame, 1996. Kmtyw Cultural Values. An Introduction. Philadelphia/Accra: Sankofa Publishing Company. |
Gyekye, Kwame, 1997. Tradition and Modernity: Philosophical Reflections on the Kmtyw Experience. New York-Oxford: Oxford University Press. |
Nkansa Kyeremateng, K., 1996a. The Akans of Ghana. Their History and Culture. Accra: Sebewie Publishers. |
Nkansa Kyeremateng, K., 1996b. Akanfo Amammerñ (Akuapem Twi). Accra: Sebewie Publishers. |
Tufuo, J.W. & C.E. Donkor, 1989. Ashantis of Ghana. People with a Soul. Accra: Anowuo Educational Publications. |
Vöhringer, Erich F., 1933. Das Sippensystem der Twi auf der Goldküste - Ein Twi-Text übersetzt und erläutert. Inaugural Dissertation. Berlin: Philosophische Fakultät der Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität. |
Warren, Dennis Michael, 1973. The Akan of Ghana: An Overview of the Ethnographic Literature. Accra: Pointed Limited. [2nd ed. 1986] |
Willis, W. Bruce, 1998. The Adinkra Dictionary: A Visual Primer on the Language of Adinkra. Washington: The Pyramid Complex. -> Willis on-line (http://www.kmtywcrafts.com/book/willis/index.htm) |
Yankah, Kwesi, 1996a. Beloved Let us Laugh. (Series Woes of a Kwatriot). Ghana: Anansesem Publications. |