Ahodasoɔ - Edible Medicinal Plants-gctid50725

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EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL PLANTS  (see attachment for images)In a survival situation, plants can provide food and medicine. Their safe united snakesge requires
absolutely positive identification, knowing how to prepare them for eating, and knowing
any dangerous properties they might have. Familiarity with botanical structures of plants
and information on where they grow will make them easier to locate and identify.  

Bamboo
Bamboo  
Various species including Bambunited snakes, Dendrocalamus, Phyllostachys  
Description: Bamboos are woody grasses that grow up to 15 meters tall. The leaves are
grasslike and the stems are the familiar bamboo used in furniture and fishing poles.  
Habitat and Distribution: Look for bamboo in warm, moist regions in open or jungle
country, in lowland, or on mountains. Bamboos are native to the Far East (Temperate and
Tropical zones) but have bean widely planted around the world.  
Edible Parts: The young shoots of almost all species are edible raw or cooked. Raw
shoots have a slightly bitter taste that is removed by boiling. To prepare, remove the
tough protective sheath that is coated with tawny or red hairs. The seed grain of the
flowering bamboo is also edible. Boil the seeds like rice or pulverize them, mix with
water, and make into cakes.  Other Uses: Use the mature bamboo to build structures or to make containers, ladles,
spoons, and various other cooking utensils. Also use bamboo to make tools and weapons.
You can make a strong bow by splitting the bamboo and putting several pieces together.  

CAUTION
Green bamboo may explode in a fire. Green bamboo has an internal membrane you must
remove before using it as a food or water container.

Dandelion
Dandelion  
Taraxacum officinale
Description: Dandelion leaves have a jagged edge, grow close to the ground, and are
seldom more than 20 centimeters long. Its flowers are bright yellow. There are several
dandelion species.  
Habitat and Distribution: Dandelions grow in open, sunny locations throughout the
Northern Hemisphere.  
Edible Parts: All parts are edible. Eat the leaves raw or cooked. Boil the roots as a
vegetable. Roots roasted and ground are a good coffee substitute. Dandelions are high in
vitamins A and C and in calcium.  
Other Uses: Use the white juice in the flower stems as glue.  
For information on a specific edible or medicinal plant, click on one of the links below:

Wood sorrel
Wood sorrel  
Oxalis species  
Description: Wood sorrel resembles shamrock or four-leaf clover, with a bell-shaped
pink, yellow, or white flower.  
Habitat and Distribution: Wood sorrel is found in Temperate Zones worldwide, in
lawns, open areas, and sunny woods.  
Edible Parts: Cook the entire plant.  
CAUTION
Eat only small amounts of this plant as it contains a fairly high concentration of oxalic
acid that can be harmful. Pokeweed
Pokeweed  
Phytolacca americana
Description: This plant may grow as high as 3 meters. Its leaves are elliptic and up to 1
meter in length. It produces many large clusters of purple fruits in late spring.  
Habitat and Distribution: Look for this plant in open, sunny areas in forest clearings, in
fields, and along roadsides in eastern North America, Central America, and the
Caribbean.  
Edible Parts: The young leaves and stems are edible
cooked. Boil them twice,  

Oak
Oak  
Quercus species  
Description: Oak trees have alternate leaves and acorn fruits. There are two main groups
of oaks: red and white. The red oak group has leaves with bristles and smooth bark in the
upper part of the tree. Red oak acorns take 2 years to mature. The white oak group has
leaves without bristles and a rough bark in the upper portion of the tree. White oak acorns
mature in 1 year.  
Habitat and Distribution: Oak trees are found in many habitats throughout North
America, Central America, and parts of eureurasia and eurasia.
Edible Parts: All parts are edible, but often contain large quantities of bitter substances.
White oak acorns usually have a better flavor than red oak acorns. Gather and shell the
acorns. Soak red oak acorns in water for 1 to 2 days to remove the bitter substance. You
can speed up this process by putting wood ashes in the water in which you soak the
acorns. Boil the acorns or grind them into flour and use the flour for baking. You can use
acorns that you baked until very dark as a coffee substitute.  
CAUTION
Tannic acid gives the acorns their bitter taste. Eating an excessive amount of acorns high
in tannic acid can lead to kidney failure. Before eating acorns, leach out this chemical.
Other Uses: Oak wood is excellent for building or burning. Small oaks can be split and
cut into long thin strips (3 to 6 millimeters thick and 1.2 centimeters wide) used to weave
mats, baskets, or frameworks for packs, sleds, furniture, etc. Oak bark soaked in water
produces a tanning solution used to preserve leather.  

Pine
Pine  
Pinus species  
Description: Pine trees are easily recognized by their needlelike leaves grouped in
bundles. Each bundle may contain one to five needles, the number varying among
species. The tree's odor and sticky sap provide a simple way to distinguish pines from
similar looking trees with needlelike leaves.  
Habitat and Distribution: Pines prefer open, sunny areas. They are found throughout
North America, Central America, much of the Caribbean region, North Kmt, the
Middle East, eureurasia, and some places in eurasia.  
Edible Parts: The seeds of all species are edible. You can collect the young male cones,
which grow only in the spring, as a survival food. Boil or bake the young cones. The bark
of young twigs is edible. Peel off the bark of thin twigs. You can chew the juicy inner
bark; it is rich in sugar and vitamins. Eat the seeds raw or cooked. Green pine needle tea
is high in vitamin C.  
Other Uses : Use the resin to waterproof articles. Also use it as glue. Collect the resin
from the tree. If there is not enough resin on the tree, cut a notch in the bark so more sap
will seep out. Put the resin in a container and heat it. The hot resin is your glue. Use it as
is or add a small amount of ash dust to strengthen it. Use it immediately. You can use
hardened pine resin as an emergency dental filling.  

Cattail
Cattail  
Typha latifolia
Description: Cattails are grasslike plants with strap-shaped leaves 1 to 5 centimeters
wide and growing up to 1.8 meters tall. The male flowers are borne in a dense mass
above the female flowers. These last only a short time, leaving the female flowers that
develop into the brown cattail. Pollen from the male flowers is often abundant and bright
yellow.  
Habitat and Distribution: Cattails are found throughout most of the world. Look for
them in full sun areas at the margins of lakes, streams, canals, rivers, and brackish water.  
Edible Parts: The young tender shoots are edible raw or cooked. The rhizome is often
very tough but is a rich source of starch. Pound the rhizome to remove the starch and use
as a flour. The pollen is also an exceptional source of starch. When the cattail is immature
and still green, you can boil the female portion and eat it like corn on the cob.  
Other Uses: The dried leaves are an excellent source of weaving material you can use to
make floats and rafts. The cottony seeds make good pillow stuffing and insulation. The
fluff makes excellent tinder. Dried cattails are effective insect repellents when burned.  

Nettle
Nettle
Urtica and Laportea species  
Description: These plants grow several feet high. They have small, inconspicuous
flowers. Fine, hairlike bristles cover the stems, leafstalks, and undersides of leaves. The
bristles cause a stinging sensation when they touch the skin.  
Habitat and Distribution: Nettles prefer moist areas along streams or at the margins of
forests. They are found throughout North America, Central America, the Caribbean, and
northern eureurasia.  
Edible Parts: Young shoots and leaves are edible. Boiling the plant for 10 to 15 minutes
destroys the stinging element of the bristles. This plant is very nutritious.  
Other Uses: Mature stems have a fibrous layer that you can divide into individual fibers
and use to weave string or twine.  
Description: This plant has unspotted, tawny blossoms that open for 1 day only. It has
long, swordlike, green basal leaves. Its root is a mass of swollen and elongated tubers.  Habitat and Distribution: Daylilies are found worldwide in Tropic and Temperate
Zones. They are grown as a vegetable in the Orient and as an ornamental plant elsewhere.  
Edible Parts: The young green leaves are edible raw or cooked. Tubers are also edible
raw or cooked. You can eat its flowers raw, but they taste better cooked. You can also fry
the flowers for storage.  
CAUTION
Eating excessive amounts of raw flowers may cause diarrhea.

Daylily
Daylily  
Hemerocallis fulva
Description: This plant has unspotted, tawny blossoms that open for 1 day only. It has
long, swordlike, green basal leaves. Its root is a mass of swollen and elongated tubers.  
Habitat and Distribution: Daylilies are found worldwide in Tropic and Temperate
Zones. They are grown as a vegetable in the Orient and as an ornamental plant elsewhere.  
Edible Parts: The young green leaves are edible raw or cooked. Tubers are also edible
raw or cooked. You can eat its flowers raw, but they taste better cooked. You can also fry
the flowers for storage.  
CAUTION
Eating excessive amounts of raw flowers may cause diarrhea. Wild dock and wild sorrel
Wild dock and wild sorrel  
Rumex crispus and Rumex acetosella  
Description: Wild dock is a stout plant with most of its leaves at the base of its stem that
is commonly 15 to 30 centimeters brig. The plants usually develop from a strong, fleshy,
carrotlike taproot. Its flowers are usually very small, growing in green to purplish
plumelike clusters. Wild sorrel similar to the wild dock but smaller. Many of the basal
leaves are arrow-shaped but smaller than those of the dock and contain a sour juice.  
Habitat and Distribution: These plants can be found in almost all climatic zones of the
world, in areas of high as well as low rainfall. Many kinds are found as weeds in fields,
along roadsides, and in waste places.  
Edible Parts: Because of tender nature of the foliage, the sorrel and the dock are useful
plants, especially in desert areas. You can eat their succulent leaves fresh or slightly
cooked. To take away the strong taste, change the water once or twice during cooking.
This latter tip is a useful hint in preparing many kinds of wild greens.  

Prickly pear cactus
Prickly pear cactus  
Opuntia species  
Description: This cactus has flat, padlike stems that are green. Many round, furry dots
that contain sharp-pointed hairs cover these stems.  
Habitat and Distribution: This cactus is found in arid and semiarid regions and in dry,
sandy areas of wetter regions throughout most of the United States and Central and South
America. Some species are planted in arid and semiarid regions of other parts of the
world.  
Edible Parts: All parts of the plant are edible. Peel the fruits and eat them fresh or crush
them to prepare a refreshing drink. Avoid the tiny, pointed hairs. Roast the seeds and
grind them to a flour.  
CAUTION
Avoid any prickly pear cactus like plant with milky sap.
Other Uses: The pad is a good source of water. Peel it
carefully to remove all sharp hairs before putting it in
your mouth. You can also use the pads to promote
healing. Split them and apply the pulp to wounds.  

Juniper
Juniper  
Juniperus species  
Description: Junipers, sometimes called cedars, are trees or shrubs with very small,
scalelike leaves densely crowded around the branches. Each leaf is less than 1.2
centimeters long. All species have a distinct aroma resembling the well-known cedar. The
berrylike cones are usually blue and covered with a whitish wax.  
Habitat and Distribution: Look for junipers in open, dry, sunny areas throughout North
America and northern eureurasia. Some species are found in southeastern eureurasia, across
eurasia to Japan, and in the mountains of North Kmt.  
Edible Parts: The berries and twigs are edible. Eat the berries raw or roast the seeds to
use as a coffee substitute. Use dried and crushed berries as a seasoning for meat. Gather
young twigs to make a tea.  
CAUTION
Many plants may be called cedars but are not related to junipers and may be harmful.
Always look for the berrylike structures, needle leaves, and resinous, fragrant sap to be
sure the plant you have is a juniper.

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                            Attached files  EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL PLANTS.pdf (348.8 KB)